Suche

Menu

Suche Trainingspläne

Letzte Kommentare

  • Tanja Heinz zweifache Deutsche Mastersmeisterin!!!
    Ulrich Ringleb 11.09.2021 14:13
    Großartiger Erfolg! Glückwunsch allen Beteiligten ... :lol:

    Weiterlesen...

×

Warnung

JUser: :_load: Fehler beim Laden des Benutzers mit der ID: 62

Schwimm-Ratgeber

Laktattest wozu

Details
Kategorie: Training
Zugriffe: 4858
Print Friendly, PDF & Email
By Clive Rushton

Why Use Lactate Testing?

Lactate testing is the only practical way to find certain essential information about your swimmer.

Lactate testing shows you the changing relationship between effort and speed. More effort means more lactate. At the low intensities, the speed increases faster than the lactate; at the higher intensities, the lactate changes faster than the speed.

It's the same as working a little harder for a big reward, then having to work much, much harder for further, smaller and smaller rewards. The rewards, i.e., swimming faster, are incremental.

Coaches have always tested their swimmers, but lactate testing will give you information which can be more valuable. This article explains the testing procedures which, if used systematically, will provide that information.

The Race Model
A lactate race model can be described as follows: Start and early meters: Decelerate from the dive to race pace and hold with as little lactic acid production as possible. Mid-race part 1: Swim as fast as possible, using aerobic metabolism. Mid-race part 2: Continue swimming fast, even accelerate, producing increased levels of lactic acid. End-part: Accelerate-or decelerate as little as possible-under stress and fatigue, tolerating the extended time the muscles have to operate under highly acidic conditions.

Each of these portions of a race is addressed in a systematic training regime. Each of them can be tested to ascertain the current status, and a training program can be designed based on the results. The subsequent training effect can be gauged by re-testing.

Lactate information shows you the oxygen use where it counts-in the muscles at the cellular level. Heart rate monitoring shows you the oxygen demand by the muscles; it does not show the oxygen use. Oxygen use-not oxygen demand-is a limiting factor in swimming fast.

Three Vital Components
With proper test procedures and simple computer analysis, information can be gained which encapsulates all the components of successful performance in swimming. For all Olympic swimming events, the physiological components which ensure success are:

  • Endurance-the velocity during, predominantly, aerobic work (E).
  • The lactic acid value at maximum effort (M).
  • The power relationship between these first two components (P).

    Aerobic Work
    Aerobic work means endurance or stamina swims. If the aerobic component is measured at a level of intensity suitably reflecting the aerobic requirements of the swimmer's event, then an accurate indication of the endurance capacity can be shown.

    Many programs have used 4mM of lactate (4 millileters of lactate at maximum effort) as their standardized measure of aerobic intensity. If you choose a very low, or very high intensity, your results will not reflect the endurance capabilities accurately, so 4mM is a good choice and enables you to compare your results with those of many other programs.

    Scientists tend to measure the velocity, or speed, at 4mM, but coaches are comfortable talking about times rather than velocities, so the time at lactate 4mM is more meaningful. This is abbreviated to tV4. Different levels would be tV2 or tV3, etc.

    Measures of Endurance
    Measuring endurance capabilities in swimmers is one of the easiest coaching tasks. Any timed-distance swim will provide information about the endurance capabilities of the swimmer. You will know how fast he is, but even if he gives a maximum effort, you will not know how much energy he has used to produce the speed. If he does not give maximum effort, you will know very little. Lactate testing during one of these sets will tell you the effort precisely, even if he swims sub-maximally.

    Maximum Lactate Value
    Lactic acid moving out of the muscles becomes lactate when it enters the bloodstream. As swimmers apply more effort to swim faster, we can measure more lactate. If they train to produce very high amounts of lactate and control their application of power, they will be able to swim even faster.

    The highest lactate result of a test is, therefore, a very important parameter-it corresponds to the maximum speed. Its abbreviation is LaMax.

    The Relationship between tV4 and LaMax
    This relationship describes the swimmer's ability to increase speed through the application of power and to apply power throughout the range of intensity. It is not possible to measure this swimming-specific power on land.

    The relationship is dependent on factors internal to the swimmer. These include fiber-typing, muscle cross-sectional area and total fiber surface area. This component is the third vital component of sporting success and can make just as much difference to race performance as tV4 and much more difference than LaMax. By measuring these three vital components, we can see a virtual picture of the swimmer.

    Metabolic Triumvirate
    All three vital components are interrelated. For example, training which is designed to produce changes in aerobic conditioning will, necessarily, also change the LaMax and the relationship between aerobic conditioning and maximum lactate. The only way you can be aware of the degree of change or which way to structure your program to produce change is by lactate testing.

    All three components are integral to swimming performance. They are omnipresent, and successful performance demands a correct balance between the three. The only way you can accurately measure any of them is by lactate testing.

    Other Tests
    Almost every training parameter can be monitored, tested and evaluated using lactate analysis. In addition to the three vital components of swimming performance, the most important are:

  • Lactate clearance. The clearance of lactate from the blood indicates the clearance of lactic acid in the muscles. The faster this occurs, the faster the muscle can get on with more work! Slow or delayed lactate clearance is fast becoming the recognized indicator of overtraining, and the degree of clearance over time can be used to prescribe effective swim-down protocols.
  • Alactic energy replacement. Short, high-intensity sprints of, maybe, 10-15 meters use energy-supply systems which are alactic-literally, "without lactic acid." If you design a high-intensity set where you expect little lactic acid production, then there should be little lactate appearing in the blood. If a low test value is returned, this confirms that the energy supply used was alactic.

    Lactate testing can act as a superb educational tool, giving swimmers accurate information about what is actually happening in their muscles when they train and enabling them to understand the effects of different sets and the importance of the control of relationships between the various training parameters.

    Testing is the only way to discover some of this information, and although other methods are available, lactate testing is the most accurate, efficient and effective way.

    About the Author
    Clive Rushton is one of the national team coaches of Great Britain. The information in this article was excerpted, with permission, from the web site (www.lactate.com) of Sports Resource Group, marketers of the Accusport portable lactate analyzer.

Neuere Artikel

Weitere Artikel

Beliebte Artikel

Print Friendly, PDF & Email

Kommentar schreiben

Sicherheitscode
Aktualisieren

Registriere dich für unseren Newsletter - alle drei Tage neu!
captcha 
Copyright © 2024 Gießener SV Schwimmen. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
Joomla! ist freie, unter der GNU/GPL-Lizenz veröffentlichte Software.

Joomla!-Debug-Konsole

Sitzung

Profil zum Laufzeitverhalten

Speichernutzung

Datenbankabfragen